Pepper Planting Guide

Sweet, crunchy peppers in various colors

Flavor notes: Sweet, crisp, and mild with no heat.

Variety notes: Blocky sweet pepper for fresh eating, stuffing, and cooking.

Best Time and Place to Plant Pepper

In USDA zone 7, the typical spring window is April 10 to May 25. Cooler zones usually plant later; warmer zones plant earlier.

Plant Pepper in a spot with 6+ hours of direct sun, soil warmed to 65F to 85F, and enough room for 18 inches between plants and 24 inches between rows.

Planting Windows by Zone

ZoneSpringFall
Zone 1May 25 to June 20Varies
Zone 2May 15 to June 15Varies
Zone 3May 5 to June 10Varies
Zone 4April 25 to June 5Varies
Zone 5April 20 to June 1Varies
Zone 6April 15 to May 30Varies
Zone 7April 10 to May 25Varies
Zone 8April 1 to May 20Varies
Zone 9March 15 to May 15Varies
Zone 10March 1 to May 1August 1 to September 15
Zone 11February 15 to April 20August 15 to October 1
Zone 12February 1 to April 10September 1 to October 15
Zone 13Year-round to Year-roundVaries

Spacing and Care

  • Planting depth: 0.25 inches deep
  • Spacing: 18 inches apart, 24 inches between rows
  • Soil temperature: 65F to 85F
  • Sunlight: 6+ hours
  • Watering: Water deeply 1-2 inches per week, consistent moisture is key
  • Days to harvest: 70

Fertilization

  • Balanced 10-10-10 synthetic: 2 lbs per 100 sq ft at planting
  • Compost organic: 2-3 inches worked into soil
  • Calcium supplement organic: To prevent blossom end rot

Companion Plants

  • Basil
  • Onions
  • Spinach
  • Tomatoes

Avoid Planting Near

  • Fennel
  • Kohlrabi

Harvest Signs

  • Fruit is full-sized and firm
  • Green peppers can be harvested anytime after full size
  • For colored peppers, wait until color fully develops
  • Use pruners to cut, leaving short stem on fruit

Major Varieties

  • Banana Pepper: Good pickling pepper; harvest pale yellow or let ripen warmer.
  • Cayenne Pepper: Best for drying, flakes, hot sauce, and powders.
  • Jalapeño Pepper: Reliable fresh chile for salsa, roasting, stuffing, and pickling.
  • Poblano Pepper: Large roasting pepper; ripens red and dried as ancho.

FAQs

When should I plant Pepper?

Pepper planting depends on your USDA hardiness zone. In USDA zone 7, the typical spring window is April 10 to May 25. Cooler zones usually plant later; warmer zones plant earlier.

What is the best time of year to plant Pepper?

The best time of year to plant Pepper is when your zone planting window is open and soil temperatures are around 65F to 85F. In USDA zone 7, the typical spring window is April 10 to May 25. Cooler zones usually plant later; warmer zones plant earlier.

Where is the best place to plant Pepper?

Plant Pepper in a spot with 6+ hours of direct sun, soil warmed to 65F to 85F, and enough room for 18 inches between plants and 24 inches between rows.

How far apart should I plant Pepper?

Plant Pepper about 18 inches apart, with rows around 24 inches apart.

What grows well with Pepper?

Pepper is commonly paired with Basil, Onions, Spinach, Tomatoes.